About Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, Spring Steel, and Cast Iron
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Selecting Compatible Lead Screws and Nuts
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About Shafts
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Rotary Shafts
Combine these general purpose drive shafts with gears, sprockets, and bearings to transmit rotary motion. All are turned, precision ground, and polished to meet tight diameter and straightness tolerances. This means these shafts evenly distribute loads, reduce vibration, and improve accuracy and stability.
Steel shafts are generally stronger than stainless steel shafts but not as corrosion resistant. Carbon steel shafts balance high strength and good machinability, making them ideal for general purpose use.
Shafts with chamfered edges reduce damage to bearings, housings, and other components during installation.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
| Lg. | Lg. Tolerance | Straightness Tolerance | Edge Type | Hardness Rating | Hardness | Each | |
Metric—1045 Carbon Steel | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
35mm Dia. (Tolerance: -0.051mm to 0mm) | |||||||
| 200mm | -1.57mm to 1.57mm | 0.3 mm per 300 mm | Chamfered | Medium | Brinell 197 | 0000000 | 000000 |
| 400mm | -1.57mm to 1.57mm | 0.3 mm per 300 mm | Chamfered | Medium | Brinell 197 | 0000000 | 00000 |
| 1,000mm | -1.57mm to 1.57mm | 0.3 mm per 300 mm | Chamfered | Medium | Brinell 197 | 0000000 | 00000 |
| 2,000mm | -1.57mm to 1.57mm | 0.3 mm per 300 mm | Chamfered | Medium | Brinell 197 | 0000000 | 000000 |
Linear Motion Shafts
Smooth, hard, and wear resistant, these shafts work with linear bearings to reduce friction in manual and automated systems, such as those found in packing, machine tool, and material handling operations. All are turned, ground, and polished to tight diameter and straightness tolerances.
Steel shafts are generally stronger than aluminum and stainless steel shafts but not as corrosion resistant. Carbon steel shafts are good for general purpose use.
Surface smoothness—The lower the microinch value, the smoother the finish and the less friction and wear it will cause on the bearing.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
| Lg., mm | Lg. Tolerance, mm | Straightness Tolerance | Surface Smoothness, microinch | Edge Type | Hardness Rating | Hardness | Heat Treatment | Each | |
35 mm Dia. (Tolerance: -0.016 mm to 0 mm) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 200 | -0.5 to 0.5 | 0.03 mm per 300 mm | 12 | Chamfered | Very Hard | Rockwell C59 | Case Hardened | 00000000 | 000000 |
| 500 | -0.8 to 0.8 | 0.03 mm per 300 mm | 12 | Chamfered | Very Hard | Rockwell C59 | Case Hardened | 0000000 | 00000 |
| 1,000 | -0.8 to 0.8 | 0.03 mm per 300 mm | 12 | Chamfered | Very Hard | Rockwell C59 | Case Hardened | 0000000 | 000000 |
| 1,200 | -1.2 to 1.2 | 0.03 mm per 300 mm | 12 | Chamfered | Very Hard | Rockwell C59 | Case Hardened | 0000000 | 000000 |
| 1,500 | -1.2 to 1.2 | 0.03 mm per 300 mm | 12 | Chamfered | Very Hard | Rockwell C59 | Case Hardened | 0000000 | 000000 |
| 2,000 | -1.2 to 1.2 | 0.03 mm per 300 mm | 12 | Chamfered | Very Hard | Rockwell C59 | Case Hardened | 0000000 | 000000 |
Low-Carbon Steel Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: See table
- Hardness: See table
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: See table
- Fabrication: See table
- Specifications Met: See table
Also known as mild steel, low-carbon steel is easy to machine, form, and weld. It's widely fabricated into low-strength fasteners, pins, and axles. You can surface harden this material for added wear resistance. All have been manufactured to meet ASTM standards for quality and performance.
Cold-worked rods and discs have a finished look and quality. The cold-working process gives the steel consistent strength, hardness, and dimensions throughout.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ORDER HISTORY after your order ships.
Tight-Tolerance Ultra-Machinable 12L14 Carbon Steel Rods
- Yield Strength: 65,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B80 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C65
- Fabrication: Cold Worked
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108
Ready for turning in a lathe, these rods are precision ground and held to a strict straightness tolerance. The lead additive acts as a lubricant, which allows 12L14 carbon steel to withstand very fast machining. It's used to fabricate a wide variety of machine parts, such as shaft couplings, studs, and pins. These rods meet ASTM A108 quality and performance standards. For added wear resistance, they can be surface hardened with heat treating.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ORDER HISTORY after your order ships.
Chrome-Plated Hardened Multipurpose 4140 Alloy Steel Rods
- Yield Strength: 100,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C30 (Hard)
- Fabrication: Hot Rolled
A chrome plating on these rods increases their corrosion resistance. They're also hardened, which makes them more resistant to impacts and abrasion. Also known as chrome-moly steel, this versatile alloy steel is used for a wide range of parts, such as gears, axles, shafts, collets, and die holders. It resists fracturing from repeated stress.
Note: Rods may be made from either 4140 or 4142 alloy steel. They are interchangeable in most applications.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ORDER HISTORY after your order ships.
Tight-Tolerance Multipurpose 4140 Alloy Steel Rods
- Yield Strength: 60,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B90 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C60
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108
Ready for turning in your lathe, these rods are precision ground and held to a strict straightness tolerance. Also known as chrome-moly steel, this versatile 4140 alloy steel is used for a wide range of parts, such as gears, axles, shafts, collets, and die holders. It resists fracturing from repeated stress.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ORDER HISTORY after your order ships.
High-Strength Multipurpose 4140 Alloy Steel Rods
- Yield Strength: 130,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C32 (Hard)
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108
Often called ETD-150, these rods are made from a modified version of 4140 alloy steel and have been drawn at high temperatures for excellent strength. Also known as chrome-moly steel, they are used for a wide range of parts, such as gears, axles, shafts, collets, and die holders. They resist fracturing from repeated stress.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ORDER HISTORY after your order ships.
Multipurpose 304 Stainless Steel
From cookware to chemical-processing equipment, 304 stainless steel is a good all-around choice for a wide range of applications. It maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1500° F.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ORDER HISTORY after your order ships.
Tight-Tolerance High-Strength 17-4 PH Stainless Steel
Each piece is precision ground to offer tighter tolerances than standard 17-4 PH stainless steel. With a higher chromium content than 15-5 PH stainless steel, this high-strength material offers better corrosion resistance. It's also known as 630 stainless steel. It maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1100° F.
Rods are held to a strict diameter tolerance, so they’re ready for turning in your lathe.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ORDER HISTORY after your order ships.
- Yield Strength: 118,000 psi
- Hardness: See table
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C47
- Specifications Met: ASTM A564
Fast-Travel Ball Screws and Nuts
Multiple thread channels (also known as thread starts) create faster linear travel than ball screws with a single thread start. Internal ball bearings provide smooth low-friction travel in applications that require high speeds, accurate positioning, and repeatable movement. To ensure compatibility, select components that have the same thread size and number of thread starts. Ball nuts are furnished with a tube to keep ball bearings in place. Do not remove the tube until you are ready to install the nuts onto the screws.
Carbon steel ball screws and nuts are case hardened, so they resist wear better than standard carbon steel. However, they are less corrosion resistant than black-oxide alloy steel screws and nuts.
Travel distance per turn, also known as screw lead, is the distance a ball nut moves with one revolution of the ball screw.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Flange | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thread Size  | Lg. | Dia. | Dia. | Thick. | No. of Thread Starts | Travel Distance per Turn | Bolt Circle Dia. | Hardness | Dynamic Thrust Load Cap., lbs. | Max. Backlash | Temperature Range, °F | Each | ||
Carbon Steel | ||||||||||||||
| E | M20 | 77mm | 35mm | 58mm | 10mm | 4 | 20mm | 47mm | Rockwell C56 | 2,750 | 0.04mm | 32° to 150° | 00000000 | 0000000 |
Roller Screws and Nuts
Precision ground to create more points of contact, these roller screws and nuts are highly accurate and handle much higher loads than ball screws and nuts of the same size. They're most traditionally used to replace hydraulics in linear actuators but can also be used in place of ball and lead screw assemblies because of their high load capacity and precise motion control. In fact, they're almost four times more accurate than our most accurate ball and lead screws. They also last longer than ball screw nuts in systems with lower loads and can handle higher shock loads. However, because they have more contact points, they’re slightly less efficient than ball screws. To ensure compatibility, select components that have the same thread direction and size.
Travel distance per turn, also known as screw lead, is the distance a roller nut moves with one revolution of the roller screw.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Keyway | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thread Size | Lg., mm | Dia., mm | No. of Thread Starts | Travel Distance per Turn, mm | Wd., mm | Dp., mm | Hardness | Dynamic Thrust Load Cap., lbs. | Max. Backlash, mm | Temp. Range, °F | Lubrication | Each | |
Alloy Steel | |||||||||||||
| M15 | 45 | 35 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 14 | Rockwell C60 | 9,230 | 0.03 | -40° to 350° | Required | 0000000 | 000000000 |
| M15 | 45 | 35 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 14 | Rockwell C60 | 12,000 | 0.03 | -40° to 350° | Required | 0000000 | 00000000 |