About Backflow-Prevention Valves
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Easy-to-Install Threaded Check Valves for Harsh Chemicals
To reduce installation time and allow for maintenance without detaching pipe connections, these valves have union fittings. The plastic body and fluoroelastomer seal provide excellent chemical resistance. Valves open to allow flow in one direction and close when flow stops or reverses.
Valves for drinking water meet NSF/ANSI 61.
PVC and CPVC valves come with unthreaded socket-connect female fittings in addition to the threaded NPT female fittings.
Flow coefficient (Cv) is the amount of water (in gallons per minute) at 60° F that will flow through a fully open valve with a difference of 1 psi between the inlet and the outlet.
- For Use With:
BSPP thread type:
Butane, Kerosene, Liquid Carbon Dioxide, Natural Gas, Nitric Acid, Oxygen, Phosphoric Acid, Propane, Salt Water, Soap Solutions, Water
NPT thread type:
Citric Acid, Diesel Fuel, Drinking Water, Ethylene Glycol, Hydrochloric Acid, Isopropyl Alcohol, Kerosene, Nitric Acid, Oil, Phosphoric Acid, Salt Water, Sodium Hypochlorite, Water - Ball Material: PVC Plastic
- Seal Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
Pipe Size | Flow Coefficient (Cv) | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | Temperature Range, °F | Color | End-to-End Lg. | Specifications Met | Each | |
NPT Female × NPT Female | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/2 | 4.8 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1 | 40° to 140° | Dark Gray | 4 11/16" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
3/4 | 7.7 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1 | 40° to 140° | Dark Gray | 4 3/4" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 00000 |
1 | 11 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1 | 40° to 140° | Dark Gray | 5 3/8" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 00000 |
1 1/4 | 25 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1 | 40° to 140° | Dark Gray | 6 1/4" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
1 1/2 | 45 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1 | 40° to 140° | Dark Gray | 6 3/4" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
2 | 130 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1 | 40° to 140° | Dark Gray | 8 1/8" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
- For Use With: Citric Acid, Diesel Fuel, Drinking Water, Hydrochloric Acid, Isopropyl Alcohol, Kerosene, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid, Salt Water, Sodium Hypochlorite, Water
- Ball Material: CPVC Plastic
- Seal Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
Pipe Size | Flow Coefficient (Cv) | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | Temperature Range, °F | Color | End-to-End Lg. | Specifications Met | Each | |
NPT Female × NPT Female | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/2 | 4.8 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1 | 35° to 190° | Light Gray | 4 11/16" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
3/4 | 7.7 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1 | 35° to 190° | Light Gray | 4 3/4" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
1 | 11 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1 | 35° to 190° | Light Gray | 5 3/8" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
1 1/4 | 25 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1 | 35° to 190° | Light Gray | 6 1/4" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
1 1/2 | 45 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1 | 35° to 190° | Light Gray | 6 3/4" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
2 | 130 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1 | 35° to 190° | Light Gray | 8 1/8" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
Threaded Check Valves for Harsh Chemicals
These valves open to allow flow in one direction and close when flow stops or reverses.
Valves for drinking water meet NSF/ANSI Standard 61.
Polypropylene valves are more corrosion resistant than PVC or CPVC valves.
Flow coefficient (Cv) is the amount of water (in gallons per minute) at 60° F that will flow through a fully open valve with a difference of 1 psi between the inlet and the outlet.
- For Use With: Air, Ammonia, Butane, Carbon Dioxide, Chlorine, Citric Acid, Deionized Water, Diesel Fuel, Ethylene Glycol, Fuel Oil, Gasoline, Hydrochloric Acid, Isopropyl Alcohol, Kerosene, Natural Gas, Nitric Acid, Oil, Oxygen, Phosphoric Acid, Propane, Salt Water, Sodium Hydroxide, Toluene, Water, Xylene
- Ball Material: 316 Stainless Steel
- Spring Material: 316 Stainless Steel
- Seal Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
Pipe Size | Flow Coefficient (Cv) | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | Temperature Range, °F | Color | End-to-End Lg. | Each | |
NPT Male × NPT Male | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/8 | Not Rated | 220 psi @ 70° F | 2.5 | 40° to 180° | White | 1" | 00000000 | 000000 |
1/4 | Not Rated | 220 psi @ 70° F | 2.5 | 40° to 180° | White | 1 7/16" | 00000000 | 00000 |
3/8 | Not Rated | 220 psi @ 70° F | 2.5 | 40° to 180° | White | 1 1/2" | 00000000 | 00000 |
1/2 | Not Rated | 220 psi @ 70° F | 2.5 | 40° to 180° | White | 1 13/16" | 00000000 | 00000 |
- For Use With: Air, Butane, Carbon Dioxide, Citric Acid, Deionized Water, Diesel Fuel, Drinking Water, Ethanol, Ethylene Glycol, Hydrochloric Acid, Isopropyl Alcohol, Kerosene, Methanol, Mineral Spirits, Natural Gas, Oil, Oxygen, Phosphoric Acid, Propane, Salt Water, Soap Solutions, Sodium Hydroxide, Sodium Hypochlorite, Water
- Ball Material: PVC Plastic
- Seal Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
Pipe Size | Flow Coefficient (Cv) | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | Temperature Range, °F | Color | End-to-End Lg. | Specifications Met | Each | |
NPT Female × NPT Female | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/4 | 1 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1.5 | 35° to 140° | Dark Gray | 3" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
3/8 | 3 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1.5 | 35° to 140° | Dark Gray | 3" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 00000 |
3 | 250 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1.5 | 35° to 140° | Dark Gray | 10 9/16" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
4 | 400 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1.5 | 35° to 140° | Dark Gray | 12 15/16" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 000000 |
- For Use With: Air, Butane, Carbon Dioxide, Citric Acid, Deionized Water, Diesel Fuel, Drinking Water, Hydrochloric Acid, Isopropyl Alcohol, Kerosene, Mineral Spirits, Natural Gas, Nitric Acid, Oxygen, Phosphoric Acid, Propane, Salt Water, Soap Solutions, Sodium Hydroxide, Sodium Hypochlorite, Sulfuric Acid, Water
- Ball Material: CPVC Plastic
- Seal Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
Pipe Size | Flow Coefficient (Cv) | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | Temperature Range, °F | Color | End-to-End Lg. | Specifications Met | Each | |
NPT Female × NPT Female | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 | 250 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1.5 | 35° to 190° | Dark Gray | 10 9/16" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 0000000 |
4 | 400 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 1.5 | 35° to 190° | Dark Gray | 12 15/16" | ASTM D1784, NSF/ANSI 61 | 0000000 | 00000000 |
Ultra-Chemical-Resistant Threaded Check Valves
- For Use With: Acetone, Ammonia, Butane, Carbon Dioxide, Citric Acid, Diesel Fuel, Ethylene Glycol, Fuel Oil, Gasoline, Hydrochloric Acid, Isopropyl Alcohol, Kerosene, Methanol, Methyl Ethyl Ketone, Mineral Spirits, Natural Gas, Nitric Acid, Nitrogen, Oil, Oxygen, Phosphoric Acid, Propane, Salt Water, Soap Solutions, Sodium Hydroxide, Sodium Hypochlorite, Sulfuric Acid, Toluene, Water, Xylene
- Piston Material: PTFE Plastic
- Spring Material: PTFE Plastic
The most chemical-resistant check valves in our offering, these have a PFA body to withstand methyl ethyl ketone, sodium hypochlorite, and other extremely harsh chemicals. They open to allow flow in one direction and close when flow stops or reverses.
Flow coefficient (Cv) is the amount of water (in gallons per minute) at 60° F that will flow through a fully open valve with a difference of 1 psi between the inlet and the outlet.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Pipe Size | Flow Coefficient (Cv) | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | Temperature Range, °F | Color | End-to-End Lg. | Each | |
PFA Plastic Body | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NPT Female × NPT Female | ||||||||
1/4 | 0.75 | 125 psi @ 150° F | 1 | 0° to 210° | Semi-Clear White | 2 3/8" | 00000000 | 0000000 |
1/2 | 4 | 100 psi @ 150° F | 1 | 0° to 210° | Semi-Clear White | 3 3/8" | 00000000 | 000000 |
NPT Female × NPT Male | ||||||||
1/4 | 0.75 | 125 psi @ 150° F | 1 | 0° to 210° | Semi-Clear White | 2 7/16" | 00000000 | 000000 |
NPT Male × NPT Female | ||||||||
1/4 | 0.75 | 125 psi @ 150° F | 1 | 0° to 210° | Semi-Clear White | 2 1/16" | 00000000 | 000000 |
NPT Male × NPT Male | ||||||||
1/4 | 0.75 | 125 psi @ 150° F | 1 | 0° to 210° | Semi-Clear White | 2 7/16" | 00000000 | 000000 |
Check Valves with Push-to-Connect Fittings for Harsh Chemicals
- For Use With: Air, Argon, Butane, Carbon Dioxide, Chlorine, Citric Acid, Deionized Water, Diesel Fuel, Ethanol, Ethylene Glycol, Gasoline, Helium, Hydrochloric Acid, Isopropyl Alcohol, Kerosene, Krypton, Mineral Spirits, Natural Gas, Neon, Nitric Acid, Nitrogen, Oil, Oxygen, Phosphoric Acid, Propane, Salt Water, Soap Solutions, Sodium Hypochlorite, Sulfuric Acid, Toluene, Water, Xenon, Xylene
- Piston Material: PVDF Plastic
- Spring Material: Stainless Steel
- Seal Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
Connect your outlet tubing into the push-to-connect fittings—no heat, solder, or flux required. These valves have a PVDF body and a fluoroelastomer seal for excellent chemical resistance. They open to allow flow in one direction and close when flow stops or reverses.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
For Tube OD | Pipe Size | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | Temperature Range, °F | Color | End-to-End Lg. | Each | |
PVDF Plastic Body | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Push-to-Connect Inlet × NPTF Male Outlet | ||||||||
3/8" | 1/4 | 300 psi @ 70° F | 0.5 | 0° to 250° | Black | 1 3/8" | 0000000 | 000000 |
Socket-Connect Check Valves for Harsh Chemicals
Insert unthreaded pipe into the socket ends and bond with primer and cement to create a permanent, leak-tight connection. These valves have a plastic body and a fluoroelastomer seal for excellent chemical resistance. They open to allow flow in one direction and close when flow stops or reverses.
Flow coefficient (Cv) is the amount of water (in gallons per minute) at 60° F that will flow through a fully open valve with a difference of 1 psi between the inlet and the outlet.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
- For Use With: Citric Acid, Deionized Water, Diesel Fuel, Ethylene Glycol, Hydrochloric Acid, Isopropyl Alcohol, Kerosene, Mineral Spirits, Nitric Acid, Oil, Phosphoric Acid, Salt Water, Sodium Hypochlorite, Water
- Piston Material: PVC Plastic
- Spring Material: PVC Plastic
- Seal Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
Pipe Size | For Pipe Schedule | Flow Coefficient (Cv) | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | Temperature Range, °F | Color | End-to-End Lg. | Each | |
Socket Connect × Socket Connect | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/2 | 40, 80 | 0.8 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 2 | 40° to 140° | Dark Gray | 3 3/8" | 000000 | 0000000 |
3/4 | 40, 80 | 3 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 2 | 40° to 140° | Dark Gray | 4 3/16" | 000000 | 000000 |
1 | 40, 80 | 9 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 2 | 40° to 140° | Dark Gray | 5 3/16" | 000000 | 000000 |
1 1/4 | 40, 80 | 26 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 2 | 40° to 140° | Dark Gray | 6 5/8" | 000000 | 000000 |
1 1/2 | 40, 80 | 45 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 2 | 40° to 140° | Dark Gray | 6 5/8" | 000000 | 000000 |
2 | 40, 80 | 65 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 2 | 40° to 140° | Dark Gray | 7 5/8" | 000000 | 000000 |
- For Use With: Citric Acid, Deionized Water, Diesel Fuel, Hydrochloric Acid, Isopropyl Alcohol, Kerosene, Mineral Spirits, Nitric Acid, Oil, Phosphoric Acid, Salt Water, Sodium Hypochlorite, Water
- Piston Material: CPVC Plastic
- Spring Material: CPVC Plastic
- Seal Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
Pipe Size | For Pipe Schedule | Flow Coefficient (Cv) | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | Temperature Range, °F | Color | End-to-End Lg. | Each | |
Socket Connect × Socket Connect | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/2 | 40, 80 | 0.8 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 2 | 40° to 190° | Light Gray | 3 3/8" | 0000000 | 0000000 |
3/4 | 40, 80 | 3 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 2 | 40° to 190° | Light Gray | 4 3/16" | 0000000 | 000000 |
1 | 40, 80 | 9 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 2 | 40° to 190° | Light Gray | 5 3/16" | 0000000 | 000000 |
1 1/2 | 40, 80 | 45 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 2 | 40° to 190° | Light Gray | 6 5/8" | 0000000 | 000000 |
2 | 40, 80 | 65 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 2 | 40° to 190° | Light Gray | 7 5/8" | 0000000 | 000000 |
Clear-View Socket-Connect Check Valves for Harsh Chemicals
- For Use With: Carbon Dioxide, Citric Acid, Deionized Water, Diesel Fuel, Hydrochloric Acid, Methanol, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid, Salt Water, Sulfuric Acid, Water
- Piston Material: PVC Plastic
- Seal Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
Visually inspect flow and debris accumulation through the transparent valve body. Insert unthreaded pipe into the socket ends and bond with primer and cement to create a permanent, leak-tight connection. Valves have a PVC body and a fluoroelastomer seal for excellent chemical resistance. They open to allow flow in one direction and close when flow stops or reverses. All have a removable cap that provides easy access to internal components for maintenance.
Flow coefficient (Cv) is the amount of water (in gallons per minute) at 60° F that will flow through a fully open valve with a difference of 1 psi between the inlet and the outlet.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Pipe Size | For Pipe Schedule | Flow Coefficient (Cv) | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | Temperature Range, °F | Color | End-to-End Lg. | Features | Each | |
PVC Plastic Body | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Socket Connect × Socket Connect | ||||||||||
1/2 | 40, 80 | 6.7 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 0.29 | 35° to 140° | Clear | 5 5/8" | Removable Cap | 0000000 | 000000 |
3/4 | 40, 80 | 11.9 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 0.29 | 35° to 140° | Clear | 6 5/16" | Removable Cap | 0000000 | 00000 |
1 | 40, 80 | 21 | 150 psi @ 70° F | 0.29 | 35° to 140° | Clear | 6 7/8" | Removable Cap | 0000000 | 000000 |
Check Valves with Barbed Fittings for Harsh Chemicals
Prevent backflow in chemical tubing lines. These valves have barbed fittings that grip onto tubing, providing a secure hold. The plastic body and fluoroelastomer seal provide excellent chemical resistance. Valves open to allow flow in one direction and close when flow stops or reverses.
PVDF valve resists abrasion and UV light.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
- For Use With: Air, Butane, Chlorine, Citric Acid, Deionized Water, Diesel Fuel, Ethanol, Ethylene Glycol, Gasoline, Hydrochloric Acid, Nitric Acid, Oil, Propane, Salt Water, Soap Solutions, Sodium Hypochlorite, Sulfuric Acid, Water
- Diaphragm Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
- Seal Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
For Tube ID | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | Temperature Range, °F | Color | End-to-End Lg. | Each | |
Barbed × Barbed | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/4" | 15 psi @ 70° F | 0.5 | -20° to 250° | White | 1 21/32" | 00000000 | 00000 |
Flanged Check Valves for Harsh Chemicals
- For Use With: Ammonia, Chlorine, Citric Acid, Deionized Water, Diesel Fuel, Ethanol, Ethylene Glycol, Fuel Oil, Gasoline, Hydrochloric Acid, Isopropyl Alcohol, Kerosene, Methanol, Methyl Ethyl Ketone, Mineral Spirits, Oil, Phosphoric Acid, Salt Water, Soap Solutions, Toluene, Water, Xylene
- Ball Material: PTFE Plastic
- Seal Material: PTFE Plastic
Bolt these valves to ANSI flanges. The glass-filled vinyl body and PTFE seal stand up to a wide range of harsh chemicals. Valves open to allow flow in one direction and close when flow stops or reverses.
Flow coefficient (Cv) is the amount of water (in gallons per minute) at 60° F that will flow through a fully open valve with a difference of 1 psi between the inlet and the outlet.
Pipe Size | Flow Coefficient (Cv) | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | Temperature Range, °F | Color | End-to-End Lg. | For Flange Class | Flange OD | Number of Bolt Holes | Bolt Hole Size | Bolt Circle Dia. | Bolts Included | Each | |
Glass-Filled Vinyl Plastic Body | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flanged × Flanged | ||||||||||||||
1 | 35 | 210 psi @ 250 ° F | 1 | -40° to 250° | Beige | 5" | 150 | 4 1/4" | 4 | 5/8" | 3 1/8" | No | 000000 | 0000000 |
2 | 54 | 140 psi @ 250 ° F | 1 | -40° to 250° | Beige | 7" | 150 | 6" | 4 | 3/4" | 4 3/4" | No | 000000 | 000000 |
Vacuum-Breaking Valves for Chemicals
A plastic body withstands pH neutralizing, cleaning, and plating solutions containing sodium hydroxide, methyl ethyl ketone, and other harsh chemicals. Also known as vacuum breakers, these valves have vents that open when pressure drops to relieve vacuum conditions and prevent backward suction from drawing liquid into upstream piping.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
- For Use With: Air, Ammonia, Argon, Beverage, Carbon Dioxide, Chlorinated Water, Diesel Fuel, Drinking Water, Ethylene Glycol, Food, Helium, Hydrochloric Acid, Kerosene, Krypton, Liquid Carbon Dioxide, Methanol, Methyl Ethyl Ketone, Mineral Spirits, Natural Gas, Neon, Nitric Acid, Nitrogen, Oil, Oxygen, Soap Solutions, Sodium Hydroxide, Sodium Hypochlorite, Water, Xenon
- Diaphragm Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
- Seal Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
Pipe Size | For Pipe Schedule | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | End-to-End Lg. | Color | Temperature Range, °F | Each | |
PVC Plastic Body | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NPT Female × NPT Female | ||||||||
1/2 | 80 | 100 psi @ 75° F | 1 | 4 5/16" | Gray | 40° to 140° | 000000 | 0000000 |
3/4 | 80 | 100 psi @ 75° F | 1 | 4 5/8" | Gray | 40° to 140° | 0000000 | 000000 |
1 | 80 | 100 psi @ 75° F | 1 | 5 1/8" | Gray | 40° to 140° | 0000000 | 000000 |
CPVC Plastic Body | ||||||||
NPT Female × NPT Female | ||||||||
1/2 | 80 | 100 psi @ 75° F | 1 | 4 5/16" | Light Gray | 40° to 180° | 0000000 | 000000 |
3/4 | 80 | 100 psi @ 75° F | 1 | 4 5/8" | Light Gray | 40° to 180° | 0000000 | 000000 |
1 | 80 | 100 psi @ 75° F | 1 | 5 1/8" | Light Gray | 40° to 180° | 0000000 | 000000 |
- For Use With: Air, Ammonia, Argon, Beverage, Carbon Dioxide, Chlorinated Water, Diesel Fuel, Drinking Water, Ethylene Glycol, Food, Helium, Hydrochloric Acid, Kerosene, Krypton, Liquid Carbon Dioxide, Methanol, Methyl Ethyl Ketone, Mineral Spirits, Natural Gas, Neon, Nitric Acid, Nitrogen, Oil, Oxygen, Soap Solutions, Sodium Hydroxide, Sodium Hypochlorite, Water, Xenon
- Piston Material:
PVC Plastic Body: PVC Plastic
CPVC Plastic Body: CPVC Plastic - Spring Material: Plastic Polymer
- Seal Material: Fluoroelastomer Rubber
Pipe Size | For Pipe Schedule | Max. Pressure | Min. Opening Pressure, psi | End-to-End Lg. | Color | Temperature Range, °F | Each | |
PVC Plastic Body | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NPT Female × NPT Female | ||||||||
2 | 80 | 100 psi @ 75° F | 1 | 8 1/2" | Gray | 40° to 140° | 0000000 | 0000000 |
CPVC Plastic Body | ||||||||
NPT Female × NPT Female | ||||||||
1 1/2 | 80 | 100 psi @ 75° F | 1 | 7 15/16" | Light Gray | 40° to 180° | 0000000 | 000000 |